Newspapers / American Advocate (Kinston, N.C.) / Jan. 10, 1856, edition 1 / Page 1
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V- ' -Editoif' and Proprietor. J.nwlyo Dollars 'per AnfiaWj' t .Jccince. er square ot y for achNiueJeediag foser? J lU2-0- Advertisements i , 4. the in-H Dcr of Sd out "and Charged accoitfiDgly--:,,! until tadckcu. madtfwith. vcailyadver- yivorable contract - i Ti;Mftl advertisements jvill W -tfcers, Court w""-" f-hiiruertBjiniiiuiwugvM'ij cd3 'a"11 ' Firk. 3 S-Sdi- he-el&tivc XMuse. till sha tenabb hfrn tQ-bol .mnacnaainfad we 1 1 . shall- have :;u, onirit of our iiisuiutiu.-, - roatcst,mtcr rp0In3 thoroughly ideniuiv o , 'rfr We Sfadvocatc a pcof a strident ftcom?. e snail - immigration hitliei -Or ;w by ooiwi -r r-r , or c-na. .ana 10 law v) -kj-o- Zither nhiinprs or cnmciiwj ,.i r ntrie fro se classes isacii ia V-"' 7: TTn5t(v states to acmanu iruu -the rresiJent , 0 the Umtol l . cl 1 A.t'in 1 1 11111 .v 1- r i . 1 v- V. . .l 4i-iyv to uumauu ituui .ally g,uu.r- ,. J -aJW, MIWOOIOT yl 4- itrnicii iiiii.v . - te' inApmnity affaiust tlierep- .sack outrage, ana a - . - - - etition thwMl. fl lcction or appoint- 'Hard, e shall oppoe x. of nfnnv forctzn-0on citicn to ii j ... ,. uivviim. JUL, uuuii - Af enr. enlistment of such w '-" . .. 4uWnMvnKnt or wimonts, 01 miw . . time-0f war; mam- tatning, as . -r , . vht to - govern of the Umted btate fiETaI1fi iVpm 'TTveSSmatoonJ urge the adoption to any office - Air: tttred to ail porau..!. , -fh. 'Ptltlurai or hP trust, honor or cino ujuu'm - ;-. ,.i, as will ctk'Ctuany. t'Aumuu jim who ill ill ot directly uuu t-x ..(H-Ii oilwJS uujK-in, , i,;,,,!;, force of. S7tratol Staters paramount tilO ODIlitaiii'ii'J "t -a , obi :io.H of adhesion or allogmnco to any lor Siprife powor, potentate, or authority, vrluitoer, nMilT-invandall-ciroumaiices. --'- U & ve shall opto nur W hQreaft,r ny 1 J . r : j c.w., " imiii-.itrnr what class Or 5fle," noMiiatter what chissof ' nnum of U'nirc-i ami 01 u., ..v...uu sli ill seek to bniisr about such union. - . . W.i i.l. .,11 rinrorousiv . maintain the vested i-Hits of all person or naiivo- or ui oty " "y -shall at all times oppose such VLtlr;-rlilA j. ' . - Sjes,UA. ,ur;,1.i:f nt reltsiou Itosru 1 noiainr il as'.uup , 0 . Si... ...t::n,i fii.th 1 it. (I'.iestion vbetw: b.-tw. Dill IIUlXlIll, MUll .i-""v...... - ! - eacii maiviuuai ami " - ----- . v ieal "ovorinn -at.or otaei tiier uuinan wo.w.cr,-a u a t;t vm ji nviipi-iviinv suoervision . or control, at any-unie, in l.Vi..,- ... L . , . . anv nUif.-' or 111 aiiv torm. tv,-t'-,i!, YV shall ODDoseaii vniiraer law uw.-irun, t 1 1 - 1 1. .1 .. .1 ,T.1 t bv v,-.nch the C ):ist:UitiJU"tobe;set a-t noulitvic- 1 "ted or 'disrcnmllHl; - whctllcR.by -poliUdan. by rg- j ..... io.tiih. or bv-tiie-adnwonw-or -iouuvvta ui . viv" v- i clas-f ol persons. PUTF0X2I AXD PRIXCIELES. TITK PLATFOPr AND' PRINCIPLES 1 T1IE " OKGAXJZATIOX. ' I. Tlie-dTnowledgement of. that -Almighty Be , iug, who rales over the Uni verse, who presides over the Councils of nations who conducts the affairs-of. ' men, ami ..who, in every step by-which we have ;rd vanced to tlie character of an independent nation has ilistinscuishod us bv -some .token of Providential agen- l"v- . " '-. " I' ll. The cultivation- and development of -u- senti- nvnt of profoundly intense American -feeling;, of ji.issionate 'attachment to our country, its "history .and its institutions ; .of "admiration for 'the purer days' of . our National existence; of veneration, 1'oP the hero- i -iu that precipitated our Involution; and of emula- tian of tlie virtue, wisdom and patriotism that framed cur Constitution and firet succcsfully -applied its-pro '.visions. . v :i IIP. The niaiiitainance of the union of these United Suites as the paramount political good ; or, to use the language of YVashimrton, the primary -object of patriotic desire." And hence: J st. Opposition to all attempts to weaken or sub- vcrt it ' . l 2il. Uiieonipromising antagonism in every princi ple of .policy that endanger it. . . I id. The iuh -ocacy of an equitable adjustment of ail political ditferencc which threatened its integrity or perpetuity. , itii. The sagpwjssieji of all tendencies to political flivision, founded on-' geographical discriminations, or on the belief that there is a real difference of inter ests and views' " .between the various sections of the union. ; ,:, c . -. - - , . 3th. The, full recognition of the rights of the sey w.d'SStiites, as expressed and . reserved in the Constn tiitioa; and a careful avoidance, by the General Goy erumoat,. of all iaterfence with their rights -bv legif dative or executive action. '? t -lV'-OIjodieucc to the Constitution- of ithese Uni ted States, as the supreme law of the landr sacredly obligatory upon, its parts and members ; and, stead fast resistance to the spirit of innovation upon Its principles, however specious the p-itexts. . Avowing that iii nil doubt or disputed Boiuts it nv.iv onlv hk l.- gally ascertained and expounded by the Judicial poW "i wie -u uiieu isxates. , - And, as a corollary to the above : -, ' ! A habit of reverential obedionee to t.hp law whether National, jStatc, or Municipal, until they are either repealed or declared uueoust.tational by the proper authority. A tender and sacred reirard for these, arts hf it 's'.iiansliip, which are to be contra-distinguished 'a acts of ordinary legislation, "by" the faet of tl eir ij. of the nature of compacts and agreements'; i - to be considered a fixed and settled national -A radical revision :and tnoclitication of the - leguiating immigration, and the settlement of i.iinugi-ajits. Offeriug o the honest immigrant whh, . b i. iu , love of liberty or, tired of oppression, seeks an ii-ylum in the United S'ttvtes, a friendly reception aiid protection. But unqualifiedly .condemningthe trans mission to our shorfe, of fellom and paupers. j r VI, I'he essential modification the Nxituralizatibn .Laws.- ;- ."..'". '''.'-.-:-':"'-'--' ' j The repeal by the Legislatures of the .respective .btates, of all State laws allowincr foreigners not ndt uahzed to vote. . ,'. r i t he repeal, without retrocative operation, all acts Longress making grants of land to unnaturalized loreiguers, and allowing them to vote in the Territo nes. -- - i .... ... .j .- i X "ostlllty to thc corrupt means by which the leaders of party have hi tlmr to forced upon us our ircT3 and our political creeds i Amphcable enmity-against the prevalent demoraliz ms system of rcwarrta r.- Wiiu:.1! -.v;,,. :.i.. I of punishments for political independence. . ,L -SgUSi r - wild hunt aftef which char- V actenzes the age. I Jese pu the one hand. On the other. ' f -piS0" ? e.Praptice f the purer; days of this I ?P ? t admiratlon of the maxim that an office ' tKiL "nVanii 3not maQ the oice " d of r the rule that, the just mode of ascertaining fitness for office; is the capability, the faithfulness and Sncs ,ty of. the incumbent or candidate.- ' revier) oriless'tortne irrst Mutii W e shall nuintam and deieiui-iue oiwa.'ii- i 0f thrs-fvau"'" AJouncil, tnat -L..ongres3 posscsses-.ns p v j." dimwit , wm w ; "- , 'd1'-. "10 '"""' .,, il t',o 7no,i :s it exists, and tho ri&ts f;Sv- nKWrttho ("hjnstrrntion. to lo-ativp lihwii fhe ! Ion was. tliCMal'tcr to be CXCrcised'or as Ml- VP 'ly wnuottourf-remain undetermined, w n'r t',-.' sv.,'. ivit'i-Mit diminutiun as sru:iranteed tueHsJi orr nf pflntrnl 'Awpm 'In' I i;V.',nn-. V sen uioW the fnendlyri . ..t"..ii i-;,.v .i..l h-r'.c.. f-tpnt on our f ,.rt .iTl "wf., fror nlIa'oT iiitnlic. -. -1 ' 'n.-r- r ' " -, vvftca U. ifue nuercsii as wen us tue duly o y- iy,-w.3.'""' ".--.- .... i.vi, -...ii.. .-j.. r . irveai-rii'i .a u or me u. . . P,vmt p4 c iwid! n..,i v....., t ..,.:n . H M f tl eHi. " r .. - - Uri fauflo resuiVtntt 7fir'. And kstlv, we .shall use onr-utmost txct-j sy4tem- j ancspriswly -pivtenaitting any expression "1 regard t0" a region orcoimtry- W Here a j f-Z XtTl,1 mTC0Qh- skdlbe: ' IFrohitrit -tvOTTr anylVf m the iik6 I'fiuc-'t -."'T,-- tM'TTn"Ti.'NK " Americans sti.ux p.rLE thkir Coi-xtry: " the National Council that - Congress ought not to J tinns worr in thrc sniiift spiW r"" r-- - ! legislate unon the. snbiect el -&iaverv witluu the lerri-H . . i j . " tv. ii ..vr,i".. V." ' 'Xv - r enroncjr an-American eleV .; : - ,-T :" 'yyTtoj . . -; ' - -.''"..: . . ' . " - - ," t . - fH r - - J- k '.- .O.ffV..' '-t.-v fonrnng the publisher, audjthe.papcr 4it;Bent to (' . .'I b - a , ; - t- ; j -- J . r i T 1' - - r. l. t - J f . t-l : li i r" - , Uli- "V,i i 1 iwA-r.clv'L " .' ' "kZ-ZTA K&iZnZ r it b 1-irft l F UN - M-K A X 4 Jt K . LTfe " A .V1"011!: 11 1Q measure pceed tnaliTay, in the-BritSh-PrOTinoe 6f-,lSTora jor Country Hay the - aavancemeiif to ail-tM)liticarsta? tions exe'etitive olthosc only Or- indirectly;: to- Spy fofeisTi - power ""whether civil or 1,-cmesiiioiiicai. auuwnOcare Aniericaiis jju iu, cuu-, atio " aji( trainjnvthus, fullfilling ,the majcim, V A-MEMCixS -pEY SHAXIi GOVKBN vJtEKldA,' . , ,-Tlie; protection of alt "citizens-in the legal and pro proper exepciscof tlieir civil' and xeligipua rights and. privileges ; the 'maintenance ,oF1;he right " of every' manto " the full, - unrestrained . rid M peaceful-," en ioymcntof his owii irefigious "opinions and Vorship, and ' jealous resistance of all -attempt by any sect,' tienominatioivor church to obtain an ascendency over, any other in' the'Statc,"-by means of any special com bination -t)fis mcrnbers;-or by a "division "of their civil allegiance vith, any foreign pqwer, potentate; or ecclesiastic -v '-' " i.lX;--rTbe - reforpiation of the Charter " of our; tional Iegislatureby Bleyatirig, to thc;dignitied 1 and responsible position; inen of higher aspiration, pulw moitils, and more unselfish patriotism. ' X. The restriction" of executive patroriage,--es-pecially in .. the matter of appointments? to officc-so rar.asn raay uc permitteu Dy tne ijonsiiiuiion, anu consistent with the public good., V ' ' XI. I'ho education of the youth of - our eountry in schools pfoj-ided by the State;' which schools. shall be common to all, witJiout distinctiou of creed pf party,, and. frdb from", any influence, oiV-. a denominational or partizan character ' , A ' And, inasmuch as Christianity by-the Constituilons' of nearly all,, the States' by the decisions, of ;the'most eminent judicial authorities ; andby the consent of the people' of -American; is" considered, an element of our political system'; aiid as the Holy Bible i&v at once the source of Olixistianity; . ajid 'tliB depository and' fountain of all ctvil and reHaious, freedom, we 'opr pose "every atteiript to excluduit from the. schools thus established in the States. "..--' .T " ' ' XI L-The "American parly- luw-ing arisen upon, the ruhis-afidin spite of the opposition of rtheAYmg and Democratic parties, cannot be. lioid-.ni any njajtnct re- sponsible ior i ue ouuo leitheh "And the sysk auestion ty tliosew hostjiify intaa positive elemsnt of practical" power, and . brQn?htOup.institutionsiiito xrii, it has? therefore be coiuet the imperitive'dxityrof the American party to interfere," for tile purpose of giving- peace .to the con n try'anO perpetuity to "the Union.- And as exiJe'rience Iras'shdwir it'1 impossible, to ; reconcile opinions so ex treme as thoswhT'ch separate tlse dlspntaufe, arid -as Hire cait bww. " tlishtmorl in "suymitting. to the Id ws, IhcT National "Council has ileeined it-th'e best gu.tran :tee ofOinmonja.-sticeand of fatmei)eaee,to"abiileby and maintain the existing- laws upon the subject of aiavcrvi as a unai anu conclusive setiionieux-oi - .... .... .. . . " . 1 i that . -" - Asftl KJga.r31rig-it the highest duty"ito..avowrtheir .opinions aip'Jii -a itujuci u mipuruuu, ,m uuiic.: uuu unequivocal terjnvit is' hereby declared" -as the,seiist land ceded the LCstlnct tp the United b tat es, and a breach .of-the Rational fait"li. " , . -XIII. The fo'iicy of the.govcrnment of the lnitcd Siatesv iiv its relation with foreign go.vernmenjts-, is to exact jiisti.ee -lrom tlie slroiigot; anddo justice" to the weakest; resti'&Auig, by.all .tliL'puw"fcl" of tlie govern ment, all its citizens from iirterlcT'enee with" the inter nal jConoevRsroi .nations withvwboni nfe arc atieqce. XLT. -Th'w Xatioual Council declares that all-f it :recoinniends fiat there can. le iiq concealnleiit the.plaees of mectiBg of subordinate' ftaiiQiIc. ''" - K- - bartjlktt; Xy-c? " President of NationaLCottventiojil C, D. Deshlkk, oT'ew'Jei'seji; r,,," -. - "Correspo4hi Secreturv. - Jas. M. Steimiexs, of Marylaml, : Recording Secretary." From the Newborn News. , Beaufort Harbor. The following letter of Capt. Plumer of the Brig James Gray, now lying at Beaufort, addressed to E. It. Stanly. Esq.. of this place speaks well for the fu ture prospects of our Rail Road, it will be seen that, as the depth of water at the terminus of the Road is ao adapted to the ingress and egress of large class Vessels, the Atlantic-aud .North Carolina Rail Road ' must be the only line upon which the great bulk of transportation of the products of the West will be carried, When this lino, pf uoal is completed, there cannot be a doubt but that the ; West will look6 the Eiistern Extension as 'their best 'and .only advantageous source by which to reach a market ; as every induce ment to the advancement of its interests will be thrown out' both in Nevvbern and on the Harbor. Withthe depth of water at Beaufort Harbor, aiid the. short disr tance to market at Newbern, in comparison with any other suort within" the ieachof the linejthe benefits! to be received from the improvement, wheii .completed, by those of our citizens who are disposed to-avail themselves of them, will -we. predict be incalculable. - ; 1 ' . Baanfort, 5th fec. 1855. Mr. E. R, Staxly, - , Sir .- I do not think P was ever so milch disap poiyted as I wns iovthe -Harbour of Beaufort. In Chartering in England for this place 1 would not take the. cargo unless the parties would guarantee 16 1-2 -"feet to come in width ; to my surprise, on crossing the bar, I found 22foet of water after a strdng Westerly wind which has a;ten:lency to blow thej water out of the. river. . Tke wind hauling N.Westjward, the Pi lot was compelled to beat the Brisr up to the anchor age. We are a large carrying vessel, and it is., diffi cult to bcat.in all channels, and had this been narrow it could not have been accomplished, j jThe harbour is very convenieit. the" channel deep and there is no difficulty in loading to 20 feet 16 certain. The ves sel I have has on board -520 tou3 of Railway Iron and her draft is 15 feet 3 inches. Had 1 1 supposed the deoth of 2d fppt. "IS T fshonld have loaded to 16 feet 9 inches. - I i " My vessel is now in the market, and if liarties can bo found to load her from th:s port to Europe, I will fill her full or load-to 17 feet, and I know there wilf be no difficulty in once more getting her on the Pond. I am, dear Sir, yours respectfully,' . . C1IAS. II. PLUMER, " Master of the James Gray, of Newbur jport Mass. DiytDENDs. The Bankof Fayettevile has. declared a semi-annual dividend of 5 per cent, j The Charlotte & South-Caiolina Rail Road a div idend of 3 per cent. ! H!!! late discussion about, large and small ankles for ladies, it has been decided to tkej satisfaction of both parties, that "all's . well that -ends well." A Melancholy Truth. A 'magazine report of the "fashions," says, "There is not. much diange in gentle nieiVs pantaloons thi3 mouth." ' I . rHegiSlatrye;judici.orjclip4atic-J . f - sponsible ior Hie oouoxious acts or yiouti.cu pauiges ui eifcliclv And the systematic agitation tof , the Slavery nripstion iiv thosei3arties havin? elevated sectional torics of the United States, and tJi.it any interference Vuu,u J T.lt T 77 t:-ulilVum.3 f in- v,r,w,a-?tu i.iv.Vv ?t pvis in tl,-. nt.Mr.f ot tnc loi'oe and cdoct 01 tJie convention it .LJ OI UUlUIllUiaW iUliltiUiI IU Jillt U1JU JiUi Li 'UUUil UUiJ.UlUA.HJVL JJ V U?-. ! lUl-UlltiV" vi wjHjiuvw vj, va v yi.-i.iij- OU eiCill1 WHS LI Li5- UimUl ikLJJU LULL LLL principled of tlie" Order shail bo hencefof wui:d cVerj where" imenl v "aVbweih and . tluT each memteri'J'shaIF be'atdibxjVfy t. ' niake : known thd 'existtSicb of tlie Ordet,-r4n;tt!ie fact that he himself iaa' member and if the 8enate.dnd i. ofthe House: nf Ppnrfxspmtntives .Tjlic .Constitution of he'tTnited: States J prpvides thatr'-Cottgrcps sHalL assemble aa Buallypn -thtirs,t" -.Monday- of Deceinerj; .arid it has beenjusiral for the President -to hiake;nocommuriication .of a pubHc charac ter to tbc" Seiiate'and'Hoiise pf Kepresent atfves -until advised of 'their readiness1., to receietit: ' fr hay e deferred to this usage until the close of th6 first month of tfo ses sion b'utmy conyictwns of .duty will not permit meioriger.fotpostpone the. discharge of the 7obligationt enjoiued.b'y .the .Constitu tion unori the President vto giye to the Con gress information of the state1 of. the Union t- . -r-- " i 1 iV .'j-j.: i, i ana recommena to xneir yoiisiueruuuii suuii.-f measuroalas-he shall ill" lid gc necessary and - J oSi , v i -1""lTf 1 expedient."- . It ia-a- matter -of congratulation that the R epublic is'trdhquilly 'advau-cin'g- in ajarcer of prospdri ty "and peae CENTRAL AMERICA .Whilst j-olations of amity cphtimia'tp'ex-' ist'bctvccn;th'e Unitccl- States and-all Tor-1 clgn.'Pqwerswith somaof them grave qucs tipnslare depending, which may requirc the' consideration of Congress. - Qf 'such qncs; trons the most important is that which has arisen otft of-the -Negotiations .with" Cfeat Britaiix ih" reference to Central America. - -' J3y "thereon ventipn cjoncludod betwcen tlic two Governments', on-the 19th of- April; ISoO; both particVeoyenantpd that "heithe.r'j will ever' "occupy, orv. iortiiypi colonize, or assiune, oi exercise any . dominion over Nicaragua, Costa Rica,-the ilosuitocoas't, or any. part of 'Central America. - It was' the -undoubted understanding- of tho F.'Sin making; this treaty, that all tlie-prese'nt-fetates of the former-Republic pf-CcatraTvVtncncaand the entire tcrrito ry at' each,- would thenceforth . enjoy ' coin p'ete independence ; and' that lioth contract-" ing p-rtus engaged rcqualty, ivt - to tii,c samp, pxtent, for the prcSQnt an-'l fo'E-the,fu- tnre; that-if either then- liad any "claim of right bf Central America, sucliclainirp,ndt - - i i " n . ail-octtpation .of authority unQccifc, ycre unresc'cvcdlvv f clinquislicU r by the stipnla- ne part. of tlie United' States, .: that in "corres pondence contemporaneous !v'ith the rati'i cation .of .the; con vention, ; it was dTsjtinctiy expressed, thaf the mutual covenants of nou-occnpation we've' not intended ta apply to tho.British establishment fit the j- l&lize, :" il'hif qualification-' is ta -bo inscribed to the iact, mat, in virtue, oi successive - treaties wiiipre-. viouS'sovpfeigHS ot the- ouhtry.rGreat Bflfain had obiRH"-r'tbnicessa of- tiigrigtif to cut" -mahogany tjr (Jye-.woodSjaMlie Balize; -but with positive exclu--sioh of afTJomaiu Q.r sovrejgnty; aud hus-it confirms theiatnraFeonstnicti&n mud understoold import of the rity,-as -tdlilK the rest oi the' reioito which the ter tiou cise.orV assertion: gf large authority in all that part of Central America commonly anted trie Alostfiito coast, and-cohering the entire length" of tlie Static fbf Niea raguarah(b a part of Cista Rica ; that she regarded the Balize lis lier absymte domain, and" was gradually' extending ItsJinuts t the expense of the-Stite of Honduras ; and thatshe-had formally colonized a considerable insaar group known as the Bay Islands aud belonging, of rigifrto that State. i . All thosoacts of, -pretensions or -Great Britain, being contrary to' the-rights, of the States of Central A merica, and to the manifest tenor of her stipulations with' the U." S.,-aa tihderstodd by this" governrnent, have been inade: the subject of negbtiatioiv through the Amerlcitu Minister iit fL-mdOu. ' I transmit here with the instructions to hiin on the subject, and the correspondence between him and the British Secreta ry for Foreign Affairs, by which you will perceive that the tyo governments differ widely and reconci leably as to the construction of the convention, and its: effect on their respective relations to Central America. J - '"'. .. :f' . ' ! '. '.!-'""" "Great Britain so construes the convention,' as -to maintain' unchanged all her previous 'pretensions bver the Mosquito coast, and " 'in 'different parts of Central America. 1" These pretensions, as 'to tlie 'Mosquito coast, are founded on the a3sumptionxf political : re lation between Great Britain" and the remnant of a tribe oflndians'on thatc-ktst, entered -iutojat a 'tiine when the Whole country tf as a colonial possession of Spain. It cannot be successfully tontrovcrted, that, by the putlic law of Eui-dpe and " America, no possi ble act of such Indians. ,0r their predecessors could confer on'jGreat Britain any political rights. -.:?- . ; Great Britain does not allege the assent bf Spam as the ori'rin of her claims o:i the Mosqaitoj coast. She has, 6n the contraryj by repeated and successive treaties, renounced and relinquished" all pretensions of her own, and recognized the full and sovereign rights of Spain inthe most unequivocal terms. "Yet these retentions, without so solid foundation in the begin- 1 . . i i. i i-.,.!1 ! . i n t.n. 1 n-.n--i or n vn.'.-int- ning, ani period, re 1 nved by Greet Britain against the! Central American States, the legitimate successors tcan tne ancient jurisdiction of Spain 'in tnat . region. Jhey of Nicaragua, afterwards jto the whole of its; Atlantic coast, andiastly to a part of the coast of Costa Rica; and they are now re-asserted to this extent, 'notwith standing engagements to the U. S. ; j ' : On tiie'eastern coast of Nicaragua and Costa Rica, the interference of Great Britain, though ' exerted at ;.,-,-. in-' the form of military occupation of the mrmrrk tl PUT. ii Til i: lt-t 1 IJtltV LJ uuunt-i ijlv v v- Wi.ll ill I - 14 " I - app: win; i-iiii- " - ----- I . , ppi't of .Sn'Juan del Norte, then in tho -peaceful pos session of the appropriatb authorities of the Central American States, is now presented by her as the right-, ful exercise of a protectorship over the Mosquito feribe of Indians.. ' ' , I "I Lr. T'u the establishment at the Balize, now reaching faf beyonkl. its treaty limits into the State ofj Hondu-T-as, aud that of the Bay l3landsr appertaining of right to the same State, aro as mstmcuy coiouian govern ments asthoae of Jamaica or Canada, and therefore contrary to the very letter as well aa the spirit of the convention with -the U. States, as it was at the time Of ratificition aud now is understood by this goyern- m ;nt. riie initerpretation which the British Government, tbu in assertion and aei persists hi nacuuiu,!; u trie convention, entirely changes its character. While it T"3. ,:T. y..rTit7;' " i "11. V" " --- V J lr.- hin..-pvpi- pp.mp fmnnrpii at. fin Kir v f :i.v fit 'entering upoit; he ffweharge of my present 1 i.-ic- s. Ihat, Grtsit: Hi-i tun stilt' continued m the excr- u.vMiviu, i u . j iitll lilSHilin-. ilk inv: -llliio-incirvt Fvnyeeianous ot pne tyo uoveruments to -Central AmuricjL,' ' " -r tlT5, reuewetT call by this Government upon Great l?n torn n k:,T-A l - i . .? . .. - ..vmjiiu aums anu carry anco crject vine stipula tioas ot the conve'ntiondecording to its-' obvious im, pyiuy vuuiqrawing;rronv the possession or eoloni zatKm of portions of the" Central , American' States-of Ilondur, "Nicaragua, and -.Costar Rica4 the British OovernmeHtha3 at-Jentrthf Teolietfr affirmmo-""thof ha operation of-the" treaty-is prospective only", --and din nofefimro; Groat Britain "to "abandon -or, Contract." auposssionsheid by Tier -in-Ucutral America at thtvdatarits conchision - " , j- rns jcpiy substitutes - a partial issue in the "-place ca, and Assumes that she, had such rights at the diit tTr lld that those righV comprchendo, thafrotcctonhip, of ihe, Mosquito 'Indiana the 6 'ifcPdjictoiianJj;mh9tiJeanM;.aiitLlb d ex- tl.o the colony .oEthj .Bay Islands, and tlrereiioon "oro- cepds by implication to infer that, it' the-stinulntion5 -.I "of. the trey be merely 'future in eltset, .Great Britain . may -still: continue to Tio'd the contested portions of Central America.- Tna-United States-'-cannot admit eitfier the - infereace or the premises. "Wr stendilv deny that 'aUhe-dattf of the treaty Great Britain had ovorament,- recojuizini' tlie obi l.rnt fond- nf tlie treaty,-has of course -desired to Sea it -executed in good faith by both parties,, 'and in the disdussiori, therel'ofe has not Iookl to 'rights, whicli "v,re jni"-ht assort, irfJepo'uJontly-of -the" treaty, in-- "consideration Of. pur geographipnl position and' of, other ,cfrcum-stanee-?," which create ibr u relations to the Central American StateVdiffert from those'1 of "any fCvcru mnt" of Europe": - " , ' ; - 'r,' -Tire "British governmeut,' in its fast commahicafioii, a.thoi-.i woll kijovviiig the views of the. United States, J biui ueeiares inat it se'-s-no reason .whya conciliatory' spir.t-nwy.not caabkr the two governments to over c;ne all obstacles to a satisfactory adjustment of "the subject.' ..;." 4 . - Auredof the correctness .of the" construction 'of the treaty cont.mlly adhere-1 to by this go1 an 1 r5,-j-Iud to jusist on thii rights of tlx. vernmetttr e United htates, yet actuated a;so by tnc same "desire', which is avowed by tlie British government, 'to .mnnra ( ca:s ofrioumisundt.iiiding.betvveen twQ'na-. tioas issooiaU'd by so many ties or Merest and kind- H hapnmreu to me proper not to consider an. tne controversy hope v .n " i3,-nr.vever, reason-to. apprehend that,sv,'ifl c;r2at iirita-n in the" actual decumtion of the di.nn ifh Pa? ted" territories,1 and " tlie treaty practically UilOsil r hr I,' u me .vt.A Tia-HJiHr siuitePT. or i sseniofi mw.wp.pn r ip i n:. ted ,-tacC9"and Great Britain at irpt,s which tho Exigencies has: grown out of the es or'tn45rar m wnicn she "is engaged withBossia induced i her to (h-aw-rc-rnits JlrtJIfi the Uriitod State? it is t traditional and settled polie-v ted-'Ptiti t to manual!! impartial neutrality duriniy inc vars, wincn irorn time to time occur to 'tTi among tire great powers ot the world. Performing all the da- ties jpf. neutrality towards the respective belligerent stalfesy Wa may reasonably expect tiiem not to inter--leTe'with our lawful enjoyment of its benefits. Not withstanding the existence of such hostilities, our citizens retain the individual right? to continue all their .accustomed pursuits, by land or by sen, at home or abroad, subject only to such restrictions in this re lation as the laws of war, the usavre- of nations, or special treaties, may impose ; and it is. our .sovereign rigiittbat our territory ami .lunsdictiou shall not be inva led by either of the bell igereutt parties, for the transit of their armies, the operations of their fleets, the levy of troops fur their service,; the fitting out of cruisers by or. against either, or, any t other act or in cident of. war. And these undeniable rights of neu trality individual and national, the United States will under no circumstances surrender. " In pursuance of this policy, the laws of the Uni ted States do not forbid their citizens to sell to either of the belligerent powers articles, contraband of war, or to take munitions of war or soldiers on board their private ships for transportation ; aud although, in so doing, the individual citizen exposes his property or person to some of the hazards of war, his acts do not involve any breach of national neutrality, nor of themselves i replicate the government. Thus, during the .progress, of the present war in j! Europe, our citi zen have without national -responsibility therefore, sold- gunpowder an J arrh3 to all buyers, regardless of the dastiuetioa of-those articles. Our merchantmen have been, and ' stilrcontinac to be, largely 'employed by' Great 'Britain and by France; in transporting troops, provisions aiid munitions of war. ta the prin cipal seat of military operations, I'aiid in-- bringing home tlieir s!c!f. -and wounded -soldiers ; aud such use of our mercantile marine' is, not interdicted either by the international,, or by our nmnicipal law, and there fore di.es not eoinproiait our neutral relations with Russia,--..---.. -' -;'-'.'i;;' ":- But cur municipal law iu accordance " with the law of -nations, pererntorily" forbids!, not only foreign ers but our own citizens, to fit out,i within the limits of the United States, a vessel to commit hostilities against any State with which the United are at peace, or to increase the. force of any foreign armed vessel intended for such hostilities against a friendly 'State." :.' . " -"' '"- '-'. . j! . - -.' Whatever concern may have been" felt by either of the benigei'ciit powers - lest . private nrmed cruisers, or other vessels, in the service of one,! might be fitted out in' the ports of this country to depredate on the property of the other, all such fears have proved to hh utterly soundless. Our citizens have been with held from a'ny such act or purpose by good faith, and by respect for the law. - ! . " While the laws of the Union are thus peremptory for-the U. States to accftiesce in stich a-cdnstrticfion -of thcrgpiwrl one-preenied by the .U. S. 'The Brit .ish GavernniODt passes over tlte' question "o" tji& rigW of. Oreat Britain, real or supposed, in-Central A rtort- any possssions there, other than the limited and pc tqJiar &tah!i3hnrnt at thfi Balize, an-fjnaintalri ithat, jfsl,e hadanjvtliey wq;- srreailAvd by the conven- HUH. y '. . - , -,i - of the Uni- ! in their prohibition of the equipment or armament of ! the U: b., altf.ougii sutlermg less by their depreda b rio-erent cruisers in our ports, they provide not less j tioas than many other nations, returned the explicit K'.3.-Tnti.W that no nprson shall.- within the territory I answer, that we preferred war to tribute, and 'thus au'"v : . r . . ' - . or jurisdiction pf the United States, enlist or enter himseli, or hire or retain anotaer person to eniiM. oi enter himself, or to go beyond the limits or jurisdic tion of the United States with intent to bo enlisted or entered, in the service of any for State, either as a soldier or as a marine on seaman or board of any vessel-of-war, letter of marque, or privateer. And these enactments are also in strict! conformity:- with the law of nations, which declares Tthat no State has the risrht to raise troops for land or sea service anoth er State without' its consent, and that, whether-, for bidden by the municipal law or not, is an attach, on the national sovereignty. - . Such being the public rights and the municipal law of the United States, no solitude on the subject was entertained by this Government when a-year since the British Parliament passed an act to provide for the enlistment ot foreigners in the military ser vice of Great Britain. Nothing on the faea. of. the act or in its public history indicated that the British Government proposed to attempt recruitment, in the tt;w stotM .'. n.ii. AiA it. pvftr i erive intimation of y aittu , uiin..3 j uui w - o - . nch intention to this Government. It was matter of surprise, therefore, to nnd, suosequentiy, xnai tne encrarement of persons within tho Uhited States to " J ,; - r3 . ,.., M mv.v V111" 1UJ.T1(J BCl UI " VjlCUll JJLIV -ain was going: on extensively? 1th". Kttle oV "hflf-dis- suua-v- wrumarj; legar steps" were- Immediately taken to arrest and punish parties "cOncerued( anct sb put an end to acts ihfririging'the municipal -iaw snd derogai tory ,to oar sovereignty - Aleanwhife' Buitable epro sentations oiy the .subject were ldi-e3sedtothe'tiBrit-i3hT Government' ',..,",' " H -.Thereupon it became lriiowrf;-by" tlie" :admissijn of the British Government itself, that 'the' attempt '0' dra recruits from Jthis originated with itor at least" tod..it3 approval and sanction"; but it " also appeared that the public agents engaged in-it had " strlnaent instructions not to violate the municipal kw of the United btates. , , r- '.'.,-. ? . t ; It is diffieuU to 4.u .uutwBi Luat troops coohj beiraid iere-by t i i i i, i i ii i m I ii wi ri i : i i - r . IftWfc.v 1 unmistakeahT'R Wt. A? - . " Ji 1,1 1 VI jiiiaia wir.honh iniii;r, municipal -..v. iiijuuous io tne sovereignty of the -Umted otates. - . . : 4 : In the meantime tlie. matter a'ctraircd mlirional importance by the recruitments in the Upited States not beindisQontmuedandthe cfiacloanre of the fact SSi lCy Te PJ.'0?0 upon u systematic plaA do vised, hy the - official authorit-cr , v,n-' . ezvous had been opened in our principal cities.! depou-tor the reception of the recruits cstablished-on our frontier ; and the- whole business- Conducted un der the supervision and by the regular 'cooperation 'of British officers, civil and military, soma ; in tlie North Amerean Provinces and "some in "the -Unftpd States."- The complicity" of those, officers 'hi an un dertaking which "could 'only lie' accomplished Jay' do- trial of such of thei.nnRnfs-n.a.Wv4'ltMArr.WiUni-.T ed and" -convicted. """'Some of the offiwrs iTm imnK. ! cated areof high official position, and many of them beyond our jurisdiction, .so that-iegal. proceeding could not reach the source of the mischief. ' - considerations, and the fact tljafiho "causa of -comjjlajpt was not a mere casual ocairrenee, but" (1,-delibcra.te designtintered upon with full knowledge Of ojirjawi and national-, poliey," and "conducted by responsible public -functionaries;"--impelled me to pre sent the easpto the British .Governmenf in," order to' secure not only 'a ocssation of th"o wrong, but 'its re? paratioik . Ule'sabject'.is still 'under discussion, the result of.whieh will. bQ 'communicated -to you .in due time. -1 . -'''."-" I. repeat the" rccommendatioa submitted to the last ,Congre33vthat provjsioii" bemade -.for the annnbii. extent and importance--of-the" coun'try in disput mere -nas, ocen imminent danger of eoilisionUbetweeii i-iip siiujuuis ui vj.reat xrHtiin and tne citizens of the TTmrcl fff-ntna" irinliifUn on tips ! in t'lilt flliartcr-' J3iP9C-ndyarrange- j ni.iii una yriuurcu Jiilllfl LU i(j iUUUCe On DOtU SidCS i f,.,,.i, - miffs. i. . i . , . kw..uubu w ttsi uj iuil-u wimt eacu claims as rijrht. Continuance of delav on' tlm Unrt. nf flip two Governments to act in tlie" matter will increase the dangers and difficulties of tlie controversy. Misunderstanding exists as to tho extent, chf tor, and value of the possessory rights of the TTiid larac- son's Bay Company and the property of the Puget's Sound Agricultural Company, reserved in our treaty with Great Britain relative to the Tcrritnrv of Orc- i .Live reason to believe that a cession of the rights or bota compa.-i.ca tG United States, whicli would be the readiest means of terminating all ques tions, can be obtained on reasonable terms nml with a view to this end, I present thj subject to the attention of Congress. . ." .- The colony, of Newfoundland, having enacted the laws required by the treaty of the 5th of June, 185-1, is now placed on the same footing, in respect to com mercial intercourse with the United States, as the other British North American provinces. The commission which that treaty contemplated for determining the rights of -fishery in rivers and month of rivers on the coasts of the United States i and tho British North American provinces, has been organized and has commenced its -labors ; to com plete which there is needed lurcher appropriations for the service of 'another season. SOUND DUES. - In pursuance of the authority conferred by a reso lution of the Senate of the United States, passed on tlie 3d of March last, notice was given to Denmark, on tho 14th day of April, of the intention of this Government to avail itself of the stipulation of the subsisting convention of friendship, commerce,, navi gation between that kingdom and the United States, whereby either party might, after ten years, termi nate the same at the expiration of one year from the date of" notice for that purpose. . The considerations which led me to call the atten tion of Congress to that convention and induced the Senate to adopt the resolution referred to still contin ues in full force. The convention contains an article which, although it does not directly engage the Uni ted States to submit to the imposition of toils on the vessels and cargos of Americans passing into or from the; Baltic Sea during the continuance of the treaty,' yet way,' possibly, be construed as! implying Such sub mission. The exaction of those tolls not being justi fied by any principle of international law, it became the right and the duty of the., United States to re lieve themselves from the implication of engagement on the subject, so as to be perfectly free to act in the premises in such" a way as their public : Interests and honor shall demand. : I remain of, the opinion that the United States ought not to submit to the- payment of the Sound dues, not sb much because of their amount which is u, secondary matter, but because it is in effect the recognition of. the right of Deumark ,to treat one of the great, maritime highways of nations, as aclpsod 'sea, and the navigation' of i as a privilege- for Iwhich tribute may be imposed upon those who. have occa siOn to use it. : : -."-i" .,.':. This Government, on a former occasion not unlike the present', signalized its determination' to maintain the freedom er tue seas and ot the great natural channels of navigation. The ' Barbary States.' had foOt long time coerced the payment ot tribute from I all nations whose snips irequeuted the Mediterranean. To tne lasi ueiuunu oi suca payment maue uy tliem i . i it t-.i.. openeu tua witj, m ure renei oi me commerce pi tnc world from an ignominious tax, so long submitted to by the more powerful .nations of Europe. -"if the manner of payment bf the Soand dues dif fers from that of tha tribute , formerly conceded to the Barbary States, still their exaction by. Denmark has ho better foundation in -right. Each was, in its origin," notaing out a tax on a common neutral ri"rht, extorted by those who were at that time able to ob-1 struct trie free and secure enjoyment of .it, but who no longer" possess that power. . Denmarkjwhile resisting our assertion of the free- dom of the "Battle Sound and Beits, has indicated a readiness wmjua some new : arrangement on the sub- ject, ana nas invitea tnetfovernmeats interested in- rf . i. ii . t rt. ; :.i- -t. zlil . . it- : ' eluding xne u. o., to oe representeu in a convention to assemble'Torthe purpose of receiving and consid ering a"proposii,io;i,.w.iiiciisne intends to submit, for the capitalization of the Sound dues, and the distri bution of the silm. to be paid as commutation anion' the Governments, liceording to the respective propor ;. . r,., ZZ -'-i nv tions ui tneir raariunie;commerce to and from" the r Baltic, nave aecuneaiu behalf of the U. S to j except mis inviuiiioa, iorine most .cogent reasons. 1 One i3, that Denmark does not offer to subiu.it to the 't, v-- f f- . : "chrtf pcrfonnedt.mu8t be euher m violation pf the Jaw orja studied evasion of it and iii eituer alternative the act done .'would ; be of iwntfality, and"' disregarding our terriforiaL rights, is conclusively proved by the.evidence- elicited onthe r.onnovjrtn. with iiiwu- Britain, to survey and' establish, the boundary line which divides the Territory Washington" from the Sontiguous British -'p'ossessio'ns. ' By reason of ihn w " 1 I'll L V-lll THE WW OF NEWSPAPERS. fcTi .Scbsorihcra who do niitf trive ifezfereas notice to . tbe contrary ajr considered wishing" to continue , their - fubeciip$n, . ? Tj' v-V .. - ftaperAtheTublfsher 1 iaycdntinue to -send, them ttH , all cash 'cKaigei' are paid., . 4; fc "- ' If subscriberg neglect or refuse tto;take their p per from th4iCflicetO"wliijLh tliey are'dlfcctcd,tbey are held responsi Jtt untm tuey nve eeUled thelf uly ana- in-; the' fofnier lirection. '.thev Are hel aeKponaible. - ."The-courts havje decided that refusing. to talie ft paper,OT pet&dicat from. the officjyor rcpioving ari9L leaving it usuncalled for? isV prima facierqyidBpC6,'of -intentional. f raua.. - - I V . -, corryintioh. tte!qes,tiolEu jpf 'hcrright'. fa TleVy1" thi" Sound. xlues. second' ia" that;' if" the ir convention " were ajlowed to take' "cognSsfinco ; pf thaf-: particular;, questiony-'stilf it.TOuId tiot.becoabpetent to .dcaljirith. v die creat internftUonat pf laoiple involved; which. aPc fects.the ri'rht'h other cases of navigation add cora-,v mercial.freeddm, as well lS'4hatolCCiGss to"thQ Bal-A- 7 , , i, .J'li.i.j'.i.'ii "- " tC. " ii-oove air y ine xprtaa aerma ui iuw jf oijubi-, . tiou it Is conTemplated'hat the consideration of. tbd' Sound duta hall be commingled with and ffiade.suD- - Ordi'nateiq jliiiatler vh'slly f2Ctraneou3, vthe ballaricG . opo"wr among" theGovernmentsof -Enrope;'' . . WhiIehowevcfrej"etiata and o- sisting oa the Tight of free transit into iuld'from tho liaiuc," 1 tiare expressed to'--,L)enmark a wiiungness, on the JiUrt of thd C'SlJ td share liberally "vith other Prowers in compensating her for' any advantages which ' commerce shalC-her;ejifter derive from expenditures -made by her for. the., improvement and saiety of the navigation of the." Sound or Belts. ? . I lay beQre-yoa, herewith, sundry documents on the subject, in which my views are more fully dis . dosed. ; Should no satisfactory arrangement be soon coacludetl, I shall again call your attention to the subject with " recommendation, of such measures as may appear to be required in order to assert and se cure the rights of the U. S., so far as they affected by the pretentions of Denmark. . .1- ' - - : FRANCE. J . I announce withjnuch gratification that, since the aaiOUTnment Of the last (Innn-rosa Jhn nnCnn Kn existing between this G overnnient and that of France. ri.e bUC j leui-n ; consul at Han l?i-ancisco, ban been Batistactonly determined, and that the relations of theW Govcraments continue to be of the most friendly nature. i GREECE. A question, also, whicli has been pending for scver 1 yeavs botween the United States and the Kingdom -.pf Greece, growing out of tho sequestration, by public authorities of that country, of property belonging to the present American consul at Athens, and winch had been tlie subject of very earnest discussion here tofore, has recently been settled to the satisfaction of the party iuteiested and of both Govvrnments. SPAIN. I With Spain peaceful relations are still maintained, t and some progress has been made in securing the re dress ot wrongs complained of by this Government. Spain has not only disavowed and disapproved the conduct bf the officers who illegally seizedand detain el the steamer Black Warrior at Havana, but has also paid the sum claimed as indemnity for the loss thereby inflicted on citizens of the U. S. . Iu consequence of a destructive hurricane which visitedCuba in 184-1, the supreme authority of that island issued "a decree permitting the importation, for the period of six months, of certain building materials and provisions, free of duty, but revoked it when about half the period orily had elapsed, to the injury of citizens of the United States, who had proceeded to act on the faith of that decree. The Spanish Go vernment refused indemnification to the parties ag grieved uutil.reccntly, when it was assented to, pay ment being promised : to be, jnade as soon as the Himouut due can be ascertained. V - itisfaction claimed for the arrest and search of the steamer ElJJpradO has not been accorded, but there is reason to"-believe that it will be, and that case, with others, continues to be urged pn the atten tion of the Spanish Government. I do' not abandon the hopff bf concluding with Spain some general ar rangement, which, if it do. not wholly prevent the re currence of difficulties in Cuba, will render them less frequent, and Avhenever they shall occur facilitate their more speedy settlement. ' '- . - ; MEXICO. . J ', ' The interposition of this G overnment has been in voked by many of its citizens on account of injuries done to their persons aud property, for which tho Mexican Republic is responsible. The unhappy sit uation of that country lor some time past has not allowed its Government to give due consideration to claims of private reparation, and has appeared to call for and justify some forbearance in such matters op the part of this Government. But, if the revolution-t ary movements which have lately occurred in that' Republic end in the organization of a stable govern-f ment, urgent appeals to its justice will then be made, and, it may be hoped, with success, for the redress of all complaints of our citizens. . CENTRAL AMERICA. In regard to the American Republics, which, from their proximity apd other considerations, have pecu-: liar relations to this Government, while it has been my constant aim strictly to observe all the obligations of political friendship and of good neighborhood, ob stacles to this have arisen in some of thorn, from their own insufficient power to check law.less irruptions, which in effect throws most of the -jtask on the U. S. Thus it is that the distracted internal condition of the State of Nicaragua, has made it incumbent on" me to appeal to the good faith of our citizens to abstain froin unlawful intervention in its affairs, and to adopt preventive measures to the same end, which, on a si mi 'ar occasion, had the best results -in reassuring the peace of the Mexican States of So nora and Lower California. treaties: i Since the last session of Congress, a treaty of ami ty, commerce,! and navigation, and for the surrender of fugitive criminals, with the kingdom of the two Sicilies ; a treaty of friendship, commerce, and navi gation with Nicaragua ; and a conveiitiou of commer cial reciprocity with the Hawaian kingdom, have been negotiated. The latter kingdom and the State of Nicaragua have also acceded to a declaration re cognising as international rights the principles con tained in the convention between the U. S. and Rus sia of the 22d July, 1854. These treaties and con ventions will.be laid before the Senate for ratifica' tion; - h .''! : '.'" ' f " ' TREASURY. . ,.. -.- - Tlie statemcnis made in my last annual message, respecting thq anticipated receipts and expenditures of the Treasury have been substantially verified. It appears' from the report of the Secretary of the Treasury, that the receipts during the last fiscal year, ending june 30, 1855, from all sources, were sixty-five millions three j thousand nine hundred ami thirty dollars j and that the public expenditures for the anie period, exclusive of payments on account of the public .debt, amounted to tifty-six 1 million three hundred and sixty-five thousand three hundred and ninety-three dollars. Daring the same period , the payments made- in redemption of the public debt, including Interest f and premium, amounted to nine million eight hundred ajfprty-foqrtioWnd ! five hundred and twenty-eight dofhrA ' wA. .4 , The balance in the Treasury 'at jthd beginning of the present, fiscal year, July 1 1855 as eightedi million nine hundred and thirty-one thousand 'nine hundred and seventy-six dollars ; the receipta for the first quarter, and tho estimated receipts for the "re maining three quarters, amount, together, to. sixty seven million: nine . hundred . arid eighteen thousand seven hundred and thirty-four dollars ; thus affording in all, as the available resources of tho current fiscal year, the sum of eighty-six million eigh hundred and fifty six thousand seven hundred andten dollars. , If to the actual expejiditures of the first quarter of I the current fiscal year he added the probable expendi- tares for the remaining- three quarter, as estimated j by the Secretary of the Treasury, the sum total will be seventy-one million two hundred and twenty nty-one million two hundred and twentvix thousand eight hundred, and! forty-six dollars, thereby i .. i:,l k..Un in v. f r T. 1 tmviu uu crsLii"''" unianvc m mr a iTtsury on J uiy 1, 1856, of fifteen million six hundred and twenty-thrco thousaud eight hundi-ed and sixty-three dollars and forty-one cents. -:;j :-' " '. , - ;-;-'! '-.; '. In the above estimated expenditures of the present fiscal year ure included three million dollars to meet the last instalment of the ten millions provided for in the late treaty with Mexicr,-and 6een million seven hundred and fifty thousand appropriated on account of the debt due to Texas which two sums make aa. ff si .a i i, .1 -r I i
American Advocate (Kinston, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
Jan. 10, 1856, edition 1
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